School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.futo.edu.ng/handle/20.500.14562/1232

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 54

Open Access
Structural stability and carbohydrate contents of an ultisol under different management systems
(Elsevier Science B. V., 2001) Adesodun, J. K.; Mbagwu, J. S. C.; Oti, N.
An understanding of the dynamics of soil carbohydrate pools is necessary for assessing the impact of organic residue management in organic matter build up and structural stability in tropical ecosystems. The objectives of this study were to evaluate temporal changes in aggregate stability and cold water-soluble, hot water-soluble and acid-soluble carbohydrate fractions of a sandy soil under different organic residue management practices. The soil is an Nkpologu sandy clay loam (fine loamy, kaolinitic, isohyperthermic, typic kandiustult) at Nsukka in southeastern Nigeria. In July 1995, it was incorporated with complete fertiliser (N:P:K ¼ 12:12:17 at 480 kg/ha) (F); rice mill wastes (RW, 10 t/ha); RW þ F; poultry manure (PM, 10 t/ ha) and RWð5t=haÞþPMð5t=haÞ up to the 0–20 cm depth. A control, tilled up to the 0–20 cm depth, was also included Surface soil samples (0–20 cm), collected at 3, 6 and 12 months after residue applications were used to measure changes in aggregate stability by mean weight diameter (MWD), total OC and carbohydrate pools. In all treatments MWD increased whereas the concentrations of acid-soluble, hot water-soluble and cold water-soluble carbohydrates decreased with sampling time. Also irrespective of the type of amendment, the carbohydrate concentrations at each sampling period varied in the order, acid-soluble > hotwater-soluble > coldwater-soluble. Aggregate stability correlated very poorly with all the carbohydrate fractions and OC. The correlation coefficient values were rather low and did not mean much in the physical interpretation of these results. This shows that these carbohydrate pools were not very effective in stabilizing the soil aggregates.
Open Access
Discriminant functions for classifying erosion degraded lands at Otamiri, Southeastern Nigeria
(U. P., 2002) Oti, N. N.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of natural in-situ erosion on soil physico-chemical properties and to identify indicator variables associated with various degrees of erosion on a Southern Nigeria Ultisol. A preliminary survey conducted in 1997 had delineated four erosion phases on a contiguous sloping land within a watershed The erosion classes were Non-eroded (NE), Slight (S), Moderate (M) and Severely eroded (Sv) based primarily on Ap horizon thickness. Field experiments and laboratory analysis were done in/998/99. Definite consistent relationships that were statistically significant were observed between erosion class and some soil physical and chemical properties of surface 0–10 cm layer: Among these were silt/clay ratio which ranged from 0.29 in NE to 0.19 in Sv; fine sand/coarse sand ratio were 0.33 (NE), 0.31 (S), 0.17 (M) and 0.19 (SV). Soil organic carbon (SOC) declined from 1.01% in NE to 0.60% in Sw, and (Ca+ Mg)/(Al+ H) ratio, used to infer nutrient imbalance, also decline from 1.23 in ME to 0.43 in Sv. Aluminum saturation percentage increased from 33% in NE to 60% in Sw, and Ca/Mg ratio from I. 14 (NE) to 1.62 (Sv). Pedo transfer functions suggested that erosion–induced soil alterations are more process based than simple factor dependent. It is therefore recommended that in this environment the prediction of erosion hazard and the identification of erosion classes be based on discriminant analysis derived from silt/clay, fine sand/coarse sand, Ca/Mg, and (Ca+ Mg)/(Al+ H) ratios. Soil organic carbon and Al""" saturation are equally important indicator variables.
Open Access
Phosphorus adsorption characteristics of selected Southeastern Nigerian soils
(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 2005-01) Uzoho, B. U.; Oti, N. N.
The phosphorus adsorption characteristics of selected Southeastern Nigerian soils from Ikom, Bende and Ihiagwa were evaluated. P adsorption isotherm was obtained by shaking soil samples with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm P in 0.01M CaCl2 solution. P adsorption maxima (b), affinity constant (k), buffering capacity and P sorbed at 0.2 ppm equilibrium solution were estimated. Also adsorbed P was correlated with some soil properties. The adsorption isotherm showed that the capacity to adsorb phosphorus varied in the order; Ikom> Ihiagwa> Bende. The values for the P sorbed at 0.2 ppm solution, buffering capacity, adsorption maxima and affinity constant were 43.28, 43.30, 34.48 and 12.95 ug/g respectively for Ikom, 3.86, 7.78, 29.50 and 0.21 ug/g respectively for Bende and 8.48, 10.00, 33.11 and 0.57 ug/g respectively for Ihiagwa soils. The capacities to adsorb P was significantly and positively correlated with soil clay (r = 0.94), exchangeable aluminum (r = 0.72), soil pH (r = 0.83), whereas the correlation with exchangeable calcium (r = -0.56) and organic carbon (r = -0.72) were significantly negative. The implications are that the higher the soil pH, clay level, exchangeable aluminum, adsorption maxima and affinity constants the higher the soil adsorption capacities whereas the reverse will occur the higher the soil organic carbon and calcium levels. The study shows that Ikom soil will require higher P fertilization rates than the other two soils for optimum plant growth. Also management practices involving the use of organic matter and liming as basis for P adsorption reduction would be useful for improved crop production in these soils. The use of P adsorption isotherm as a valid tool for P fertilizer management is recommended for Southeastern Nigerian soils.
Open Access
Application of soil quality morphological index in assessing soil health of arable farms on isophyperthermic ruptic-alfic dystrudepts in Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria
(R. Durson Associates, 2006) Onweremadu, E. U.; Opara, C. C.; Oti, N. N.; Uozoho, B. U.; Ibe, A. E.; Tom, C. T.; Onwubiko, N. C.; Nwokeji, E. M.
Soil quality morphological index (SQMI) was used to assess soil health of arable farms on soils along Otamiri River in Owerri, Nigeria. Sampled points were identified based on physiography and linked using a transect. Three minipedons were dug at equal inter minipedal distance of 35 metres and sampled. Results showed that soils on a levee had the best quality (SQM1 = 3. 52), followed by Terace (SQMI = 2.83), Backswamp (SQMI 2: 75) and least in Upland soils (SQMI =2.64). Soil quality has a good relationship with organic matter (r = 0.92; r2 =0.84; 1 r2— 0.16; P-0.05). Results of soil properties were used to classify soils of the site as Isohyperthermic Ruptic-Alfic Dystrudepts (USDA. Soil Taxonomy).
Open Access
Agricultural land use in peri-urban communities in Nigeria: A review
(Tapas Institute of Scientific Research and development, 2007-04) Ajaero, J. O.; Matthews-Njoku, E. C.; Ehirim, N. C.
This paper reviewed the emerging problems of agricultural land use in Nigeria outlying communities. The outlying communities are known to be major sources of agricultural products to nearby urban areas. However, agricultural activities are under the threat of being abandoned due to the transfer of arable land other uses apart from agriculture. This was found to be due to the increased economic value (price) of land, which makes land a source of immediate income to escape chronic poverty. The emerging scenario is the replacement of traditional communal landholding by individual arrangement in the outlying agrarian rural communities to facilitate permanent alienation so that individuals can dispose of their farm lands to other uses. This would have the effects of forcing a significant population engaged in agriculture to the unemployment market, the emergence of landless farmers and compound problem of resource accessibility by disadvantaged groups like women farmers. It has also led to the increase in land rates for agricultural purposes and unabated decrease in farm size among farmers. The paper suggests that farming layouts should be mapped out and given equal attention as accorded to industrial and residential areas by urban development authorities. It concludes that extension service activities should be directed toward the dissemination of innovations like vegetable and small ruminant production, which does not require large expanse of land and compatible with land situations in these areas.
Open Access
A comparative analysis of coconut, palm frond and palm stem fibres as erosion control materials on embankments
(U. P., 2009) Egwuonwu, C. C.; Uzorije, A. P.
The research focused on the use of fibres from coconut pud, palm stem and palm frond in erosion control on embankments. It compared single layer performance of the three fibres on three different slopes and a double layer performance of the coconut fibre. Two coconut fibre nets and a single net each for the palm stem and palm frond were used with a cell dimension of 2cm x 2cm and a boundary dimension of 360cm x 122cm. The fibres were in turn placed over a model of soil embankment in a soil bin. Rain was simulated for 30 minutes over the protected soil and the amount of soil loss deter mined. This soil loss was compared to the loss from the unprotected slope. The single and double layered coconut fibre were found to be more effective in reducing soil loss compared with the control experiment and fibres from palm frond and palm stem. For instance, for a slope of 3%, the soil loss from the single and double layered coconut fibres were 279.4g and 204.3, respectively, compared to 1051.6g, 322.80g and 310.60g for the unprotected soil, the palm stem fibre and palm frond fibre, respectively.
Open Access
Critical success factors affecting sustainability of oil and gas production in Niger Delta, Nigeria
(Ontario International Development Agency, 2010) Ogueri, E. I.; Nwachukwu, I.; Unamma, R.
: Niger Delta region hosts major Oil and Gas operations in Nigeria. Niger Delta was recently declared dangerous region because of criminalities ,kidnappings, killings and human right issues. NigerDelta communities violently stood against oil and gas operations after accusation of long term neglect and underdevelopment. Oil companies became target by heavily armed militants. World energy supply had been grossly affected. It therefore became imperative to evaluate sustainable rural development contributions of Multinational oil and gas corporations in the Niger Delta. Main objective was identification of critical success factors of sustainability. Analysis, results and recommendations are contained in this paper as contributions to sustainable world energy availability strategy. The survey was exploratory. Sampling strategy was combination of probability, purposive and clustering. Data collection was through questionnaire, interview, focused group discussion and reviewed literature. Analytical tool was multiple regression analysis. Results revealed core sustainability indices as Acceptability, Functionality, Operability and Durability of interventions through discovery of participation model of RACI. Additional results showed carriers of development information, in built operations and maintenance philosophy, completion of projects, quality of life, stakeholders’ engagement method and method of programme execution were significant to sustainability at 5%. The research developed a new model called “Spider model of rural development” where methods of selecting interventions and capacity development through Employment were significant at 1%. Environmental unfriendliness and ill- focused programmes had negative relationship .Recommendations included rural development policy or Niger Delta region based on Spider model, broad based MOU, intensified stakeholders’ engagement, participatory approach of RACI model, gender as policy mandate for oil and gas multinationals, deliberate economic empowerment and Joint venture partners’ periodic meetings on Niger Delta
Open Access
Renewable Energy for Sustainable Food, feed and fibre production: A panacea to Nigeria’s energy crisis
(2011) Nnadi, F. N; Chikaire, J.; Ajaero, J. O.; Nwakwasi, R. N.; Oguegbuchulam, M. N.
Agriculture is the sole provider of human food. Most farm machines are driven by fossil fuels, which contribute to green house gas emission and, in turn, accelerate climate change. Such environmental damage can be mitigated by the promotion of renewable resources such as solar, wind, biomass, tidal, geo-thermal small-scale hydro, biofuels and wave-generated power. This is because, energy inputs are critical to agricultural production and long-term sustainability of global agricultural production will require renewable alternative energy resources. There are many systems that can provide on-farm energy resources from renewable sources. Solar energy, wind and small scale hydro systems can provide on-farm as well off-farm energy resources. These renewable resources have a huge potential for the agriculture industry. The concepts of sustainable food, fibre and feed production lies on a dedicate balance of maximizing productivity and maintaining economic stability, while minimizing the utilization of finite natural resources and detrimental environmental impacts. It also emphasize replenishing the soil for future use. Hence, there is a need for promoting use of renewable energy systems for sustainable food production, for instance, solar photovoltaic water pumps and electricity, greenhouse technologies, solar dryers for post-harvest processing, and solar hot water heaters and so on. This article thus explains in detail the role of renewable energy in farming for production of safe and secure food for humans
Open Access
Agricultural production and climate change: Need for proper extension policy formulation in Nigeria
(U. P., 2012) Anaeto, F. C.; Asiabaka, C. C.; Onweagha, A. E.; Ohajianya, D. O.; Nnadi, J. O.; Ajaero, J. O.; Ukpongson, M. U.; Ugwoke, F. O.
Changes in climate are expected to have significant impacts on farm yields and product quality as a result of changes in temperature, moisture, air and soil. This paper reviews the effects of climate change on agricultural production and the need for extension policy formulation. The paper further dwelt on the need for sound agricultural policy but observed that much cannot be achieved in that direction without efficient and effective extension system. It recommends a well articulated and comprehensive agricultural extension policy which will address properly the issue of climate change and its mitigations/adaptation.
Open Access
The role of extension officers and extension services in the development of agriculture in Nigeria
(Wudpecker Research Journals, 2012-07) Anaeto, F. C.; Asiabaka, C. C.; Nnadi, F. N.; Ajaero, J. O.; Aja, O. O.; Ugwoke, F. O.; Ukpongson, M. U.; Onweagba, A. E.
The role of agricultural extension in the development of agriculture throughout the world is not in doubt. It has remained one of the prime movers in the development of agriculture and invariably in the rural development. This paper reviewed the role of extension officers and extension services in the development of agriculture in Nigeria. The paper dwelt on the basic concepts underlying the scope, understanding and meaning of agricultural extension, role of extension service and extension officers. It is the belief of this paper that no nation will have real growth in the agricultural sector without effective extension service. It is also the belief of this paper that total eradication of agricultural development problems can be achieved through extension service approach if the role of extension is properly conceived and effectively administered.
Open Access
Agricultural production and climate change: Need for proper extension policy formulation in Nigeria
(U. P., 2012-08) Anaeto, F. C.; Asiabaka, C. C.; Onweagba, A. E.; Ohajianya, D. O.; Nnadi, F. N.; Ifeanyi-Obi, C. C.; Ajaero, J. O.; Ukpongson, M. U.; Ugwoke, F. O.
Changes in climate are expected to have significant impacts on farm yields and product quality as a result of changes in temperature, moisture, air and soil. This paper reviews the effects of climate change on agricultural production and the need for extension policy formulation. The paper further dwelt on the need for sound agricultural policy but observed that much cannot be achieved in that direction without efficient and effective extension system. It recommends a well articulated and comprehensive agricultural extension policy which will address properly the issue of climate change and its mitigations/adaptation.
Open Access
Influence of public and private sector extension services in the adoption of improved cassava varieties by famers in Rivers state, Nigeria
(Ontario International Development Agency, 2013) Ogueri, E. I.
The public sector extension service in Nigeria was anchored by the Agricultural Development Programmes (ADPs). In Rivers State, the ADP was established in 1987 as a semiautonomous, self accounting unit with the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources and funding was based on the following ration, RSG – 14%, FG-20% and world bank-66%.Similarly, the private sector extension services in Rivers State was provided by the multinational oil and gas companies notably, SPDC, TEPNG and NAOC with SPDC taken the lead, hence its choice in the study. SPDC started agricultural projects in 1965 in Ogoni but the activities were blown to limelight in early 90s with 9 extension officers resident in the company’s host communities called zones. The main objectives of the public and private sector extension services was to ensure food security through communication of technologies to farmers for enhanced adoption of improved varieties and farming systems mostly in the areas of crop, fisheries and animal productions. This study x-rayed the adoption of improved cassava varieties that was considered in great demand over local varieties (due to its numerous advantages) as a source of major staple food (garri, amala, fufu) in Nigeria. Participatory and interactive bottom-up approach was employed to obtain data from the farmers and extension officers. Simple descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used. Technologies considered influential on improved cassava varieties adoption were planting time, planting length/population, planting distance (spacing), planting regime, weed control, appropriate fertilizer availability / application methods, harvesting time and other agronomic procedures. Results showed moderate adoption of overall recommended technologies of improved cassava production from farmers served by the public and private sector extension services but relatively higher adoption rate by the private sector than the public sector. A phenomenon caused by additional incentives by the operators of the private sector extension system. However, there was a significant difference in the adoption of recommended planting date between farmers reached by public and private extension officers. Conversely, there were no significant differences between farmers served by the extension systems with respect to the adoption of spacing, fertilizer type and fertilizer quantity. Thus, it revealed that when the component technologies were pooled, their overall adoption was not significantly different between farmers served by the public and private sector extension services. It was also found that private sector extension system operates like a social responsibility without legislative framework; hence their continued operation in Nigeria was doubtful. This situation could impose a serious threat to food security and negatively affect government transformation plan for agriculture. It was recommended among others that the skills of extension officers of both public and private sectors be improved through periodic trainings. Regular logistics was important for effective extension system and that holistic approach using Research-Extension-Farmers-Inputs-Linkage-System (REFILS) should be employed and MTRM organized so that the farmers through the extension officers would constantly be informed of new varieties from the Research Institutes. Legislative framework would be a must for multinational oil and gas companies in Nigeria to continued support for agricultural development
Open Access
Integrating indigenous knowledge system in extension education: The potential for sustainable agricultural development in Nigeria
(Apex Journal International, 2013-11) Anaeto, F. C.; Asiabaka, C. C.; Nnadi, F. N.; Aja, O. O.; Ajaero, J. O.; Ukpongson, M. A.; Ugwoke, F.O.
This paper looks at the integration of indigenous knowledge system in Extension education with the aim of promoting sustainable agricultural development. It explores the meaning of indigenous knowledge and extension education. Attempts made in the past to achieve agricultural development, provide rationale to valuing indigenous knowledge and integrating indigenous knowledge in extension education. Efforts have been made in the past in pursuit of agricultural development but few of those involved in these effort including those in extension services take the trouble to understand the farmers and their indigenous knowledge rather the farmers are often described in generalization as ultra – conservative, steeped in tradition, hemmed in by custom, lacking in motivation and inactive, captive to age-old methods, incapable of making wise decisions. There have however, been a growing consensus now that some of the solutions to the problems that currently plague agricultural development must proceed from the role of understanding the dynamics within the local context and local capacities. Such dynamics include the roles of indigenous knowledge and practice in sustainable agricultural development. This can be achieved by integrating indigenous knowledge into the extension education system to address some of the knowledge deficiencies for development that is currently formulated from the western perspective. There is therefore a need for paradigm shift towards harnessing indigenous knowledge for the development of extension service since sustainable agriculture in all nations will require greater scientific respect for and more effective collaboration with those who possess the wisdom of generations of non scientific farming. It is in the face of this that indigenous knowledge becomes handy especially in its ability to promote sustainable agricultural development.
Open Access
Effects of potassium (K) sources and rates on tuber yield and storage life of white yam (dioscorea rotundata poir) grown in an ultisol of Southeastern Nigeria
(U. P., 2014) Okonkwo, B. C. N.; Oti, N. N.; Okore, I. K.
The effect of potassium (K) sources at two rates on tuber yield and storage life of white yam was investigated. The four sources of potassium were; defatted palm kernel cake (DPKC), poultry manure (PM), their combination (DPKC+PM) as organic K source and combined NPK fertilizer as inorganic K source while the two rates were 37.5 and 75.0kg K tha-1 (low and high rates) based on their K content and a control (no application). These treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and the test crop was a local land race (Nwopoko). Planting was in April (on-set of rain) while harvesting was done at seven months after planting (November) in both 2010 and 2011. Healthy tubers of varying grades were selected from each treatment for storage studies over a period of six months. While in storage, the tubers were examined periodically for weight loss, rot incidence, sprout development and dormancy period. Tuber yields and storage data were subjected to analysis of variance. Two years (2010/11) mean indicated that among K source, poultry manure at high rate showed significant difference to the control and had 41.67, 20.48, 24.50 and 28.84% increases over combined NPK fertilizer at similar rate on number large (>1kg), small (<1kg), total number and total tuber weight respectively. Utilization efficiency test further buttressed the superiority of K sources at both rates over the control. Tubers from defatted palm kernel cake plots enhanced the storage life of the white yam tuber by recording the least loss in weight, rot incidence and sprout weight of 27.00, 9.40 and 4.75% respectively, and the longest dormancy period of 95.5 days. From the result, it can be concluded that K sources at high rate proved more effective than low rate. Poultry manure had significant increase over the control and combined NPK fertilizer in the tuber yield attributes. Defatted palm kernel cake enhanced the storage life of the white yam tuber significantly (P=0.05).
Open Access
Effects of oil spillage (pollution) on agricultural production in Delta Central Agricultural Zone of Delta State, Nigeria
(CRDEEP Journals, 2015) Ani, A. O.; Chikaire, J. U; Ogueri, E. I; Orusha, J. O
The work analyzed the effects of oil spillage/pollution on agricultural production in Delta Central Agricultural Zone of Delta State, Nigeria. The specific objective of this study are to “describe the socio – economic characteristics of the respondents, to identify agricultural production activities of the respondents, to identify causes of oil spillage/pollution of the area, and to describe the effects of oil spillage on agricultural production activities of its respondents. A simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 115 respondents for the study. Data collected through questionnaire were analyzed using percentage presented in tables. Result shows that oil spillage /pollution occurred as a result of corrosion of oil pipelines and explosion of oil wells/terminal/stations, giving rise to unproductive soil, reducing the people interest in agricultural activities. However, some recommendation were made, the first recommendation “a permanent disaster management institution should be established in this area the second recommendation was “oil companies should engage in preventative measure to mitigate the risk of oil spillage /pollution as well as ensuring transparency with regard to payment of compensation, contract to affected communities.
Open Access
Challenges facing semi-urban fish farmers use of information and communication technology devices in Imo State, Nigeria
(Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 2015) Chikaire, J. U,; Ani, A. O,; Ogueri, E. I.; Godson-Ibeji, C. C.
The study examined the challenges semi-urban fish farmers face in their use of information and communication technology devices in Imo state. Data were obtained using structured questionnaire from 210 fish farmers selected randomly from a list of 2300 fish farmers obtained from fish farmers cooperative office in Owerri, the state capital. Data collected were analyzed using statistical tools such as percentages and mean. Results showed that majority (37.6%) are within the active age of 41-50, 58.6% are males, 50% have secondary education, with 11-15 years of fish farming. The respondents have frequent access to radio, telephone (mobile), television, magazines and newspapers. The results of the analysis further showed that the fish farmers need information on feed formulation, water management, disease management, fingerlings, processing and drug use. The challenges faced by the fish farmers include erratic power supply, low level of education, language barrier, low income, and lack of skills in ICT. In view of the following it was recommended that communication companies and service providers improve their network coverage. Government should also improve in their provision of electricity and make power steady.
Open Access
Constraints and extent of access to productive resources and agricultural services among women farmers in Awka and Aguata agricultural zones of Anambra State, Nigeria
(Elixir Publishers, 2015) Ani, A. O.; Chikaire, J. U.; Ogueri, E. I.; Orusha, J. O.
The study investigated constraints and extent of access to productive resources and agricultural services among women farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria. Specifically, it identified income generating activities of women farmers in the state, identified the productive resources and agricultural services available to them and determined the extent of availability of the resources and services and constraints to accessing the resources. Purposive random sampling technique was used to select a total of 120 women farmers. Data were collected with aid of a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean, percentages and frequencies. Results showed that majority (60%) of the respondents are married and a majority (50%) has formal education. It was further revealed that the respondents had diversified income generating activities with a majority engaging in processing of agricultural products (98.3%) and farming (95.8%). The results also showed that majority of the respondents indicated labour as the most available productive resource in the area. On the extent of access to productive resources, the result revealed that labour (x=3.0) and processing facilities (x = 2.50) are the accessible productive resources. Finally, the result revealed sharing of knowledge (x = 2.56) and marketing facilities (x = 2.98) as the only agricultural services accessible to the farmers. Constraints encountered lack of capital, poor electricity connection, lack of access roads, poor radio signals, illiteracy among others. It was recommended that the existing land ownership policies in the country should be reviewed to promote ownership be improved as well.
Open Access
Awareness level of HIV/AIDs in Nnewi urban and Utuh rural community in Anambra State Nigeria: Implication for agricultural policy formulation and development
(Vulnerable Lives Enhancement Foundation(VEF), 2015) Anaeto, C. F.; Ajaero, J. O.; Asisabaka, C. C.; Nnadi, F. N.
HIV/AIDS has been recognized as a major global development crisis. It is so pronounced that the other segments of the nation ought to be concerned hence the concern of agricultural and rural development experts. This study examined the level of awareness of HIV/AIDS among rural dwellers of Utuh and urban dwellers of Nnewi Communities. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and interview schedule to elicit response from jiffy respondents selected from both communities respectively using multi-stage random sample techniques. Data were analysed using mean, frequency distribution and percentages. Hypothesized relationships were established using Z-test and multiple regression techniques. Results of the study show that more attention and campaign were concentrated in urban area of Nnewi more than rural area of Utuh. Promiscuity, ignorance and poverty were very serious factors influencing the spread 0fHIV/AIDS in both rural and urban while promiscuity appear very pronounced in urban Nnewi. Ignorance and poverty constituted a much more pressing factor in Utuh rural community. Churches, friends and neighbours appeared to be very effective in spreading information about HIV/AIDS in Utuh rural community. The mass media and NGOs appear very effective in Nnewi urban.
Open Access
The Role of community stakeholders and Ministry of Education in the effective implementation of School Library Guidelines (SLGs) in Nigerian schools
(International Federation of Library Association (IFLA), 2016) Ekere, Justina Ngozi; Anyanwu, Emmanuel U.; Ummunakwe, Getrude C.; Oyemike, Victor Benson
This paper is theoretically centred on an in-depth analysis of the role of community stakeholders and ministry of education in the full implementation of school library guidelines in Nigerian schools. The focus of this paper is that community stakeholders and the ministry of education have major roles to play in supporting the full implementation of SLGs through synergy between the stakeholders in the community, the ministry of education and the school librarians. The various stakeholders which make up the socio-cultural structure of the Nigerian community setting that can support the implementation of SLGs were identified to include: Alumni Association (AA), Parents Teachers Association (PTA), Committee of Retired Teachers (CRT), Council of Traditional Rulers (CTR) e.t.c. The paper focuses on partnership between the community stakeholders and school libraries for sustainable implementation of SLGs. It identified the community stakeholders, areas of partnership between the community stakeholders and school library for the implementation of SLGs, challenges to the joint effort were recognized with strategies for overcoming them. The position of this paper is that community stakeholders can only play a positive role in the implementation of the SLGs based on their level of awareness and mutual understanding. This has a strong implication for strategic lobbying and advocacy skills, co-sponsored activities aimed at attracting the stakeholders and school community social responsibility among school librarians in Nigerian.
Open Access
Impact of Afirica regional aquaculture centre on fish farmers livelihood on Obio/Akpor local goverment area. Rivers State
(2016) Emmanuel, J.; Ogueri, E.; Adesope, O. M.
This study is design to examine the impact of African regional aquaculture Centre on fish farmers livelihood in Obio/Akpor, Rivers state. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaires administered to 150 respondents using a purposive selection of 10 communities in the study area. Data collected from the study area were analyze using descriptive statistical tools (mean, frequency and percentage). The socio-economic characteristics considered in the study include gender, age, marital status, educational level, household size, farming experience, source of income and source of information. The major source of income of the respondents is farming. Fish farmers in the study area obtain information through extension agents, radio, pamphlets and meetings. Findings indicate that ARAC has played major roles in motivation, in food security, employment etc. Constraints faced are; theft, high tax, lack of loan, government intervention to fish farming problems etc. Of which all limits the efficiency of fish farming.