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Recent Submissions
Anal cleansing and excreta disposal practices among young adults in Southeastern Nigeria
(U. P., 2020) Igwe, C. N.; Amadi, A. N.; Onwuzulike, N. M.; Ozims, S. J.; Amadi, C. O. A.; Achigbu, K. I.; Azuamah, Y. C.; Okereke, E. E.
Proper anal cleansing and excreta disposal practice is important in maintaining good sanitation and hygiene. The objective of this study was to investigate the anal cleansing and excreta disposal practices of young adults in tertiary institutions located in Southeastern Nigeria. A total of 1100 young adults comprising 430 (39.09%) males and 670 (60.91%) females participated in the study. Results showed that out of the 650 respondents in Universities, 407 representing 62.62% used tissue paper only for anal cleansing after defecation, 162 (24.92%) used water only, while 81 (12.46%) used water and soap for anal cleansing. Out of the 210 respondents in polytechnics/Monotechnic, 138 representing 65.71% used tissue paper only for anal cleansing after defecation, 44 (20.95%) used water only while 28 (13.34%) of used water and soap for anal cleansing. Results also showed that out of the 240 young adults in Colleges of Education, 155 representing 64.58% used tissue paper only in their anal cleansing practice, 39 (16.25%) used water only, while 46 (19.16%) of the young adults used water and soap for anal cleansing after defecation. The use of toilet facility was most practiced among young adults in Southeastern Nigeria. Data analysis using the one way ANOVA for testing the significance of the difference in the excreta disposal practices among young adults in tertiary institution of Southeastern Nigeria at 5% level of significance showed that the excreta disposal practices among the young adults was significantly different among the institutions (P<0.05).Adequate toilet facilities with running water in every tertiary institution were recommended.
Comparative analysis of financing livestock production by formal and informal financial institutions in Imo State, Nigeria
(Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 2025-03) Olumba, Ujunwa Miriam
This study aimed to comparatively analyze the financing of livestock production by formal and informal financial institutions in Imo State, Nigeria. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 120 livestock farmers comprising 60 livestock farmers financed by formal financial institutions and 60 livestock farmers financed by informal financial institutions through multistage sampling procedure. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency distribution, percentages, mean score, TRCS and standard deviation) and inferential statistical tools (Probit model, Multiple Regression Model, Chow test and Zstatistic). Results of the socio-economic characteristics showed that livestock farmers financed by formal financial institutions were more of male (55%) with mean age of 47 years, married (88.3%) with average household size of 5 persons and 9.7 mean years of education, were members of cooperative society (66.7%) while livestock farmers financed by informal financial institutions were also mostly male (56.7%) with mean age of 44 years, married (86.7%) with average household size of 4 persons, majority were not members of cooperative society (80%). Findings showed that with Z-test values (6.9650) and (6.7646), which were significant at 5% level, there was a significant difference in the credit characteristics of livestock farmers financed by formal and informal financial institutions and that livestock farmers financed by formal financial institutions were more financially credible (65%) than those financed by informal financial institutions (28.3%). Results of the probit analysis showed that income with a marginal value of 1.30e-06, livestock size (0.0013), and credit duration (0.0305) positively influenced financial credibility of livestock farmers financed by formal financial institutions while gender with a marginal value of 0.3185, level of education (0.0460), years of experience (0.0098), livestock size (0.0052) and cooperative membership (0.3561) positively influenced financial credibility for livestock farmers financed by informal financial institutions. Findings also revealed that there was a higher level of risk associated with financing livestock farmers through formal financial institutions when matched with informal financial institutions. Results of the socioeconomic and institutional factors influencing livestock financing showed that income (1.12E-06), years of experience (0.0318) and duration of credit (0.0567) positively influenced livestock financing by formal financial institutions while livestock size (0.1823), cooperative membership (0.3033) and credit duration (0.8931) influenced livestock financing by informal financial institutions. The major factors militating against livestock financing by formal financial institutions were years of account holding (75.00%), savings deposits (95.00%), insufficient collateral (85.00%) and lack of personal guarantors (83.33%), while that of livestock financing by informal financial institutions were insufficient credit (90.00%), years of membership (80.00%) and lack of personal guarantor (53.33%). It was recommended that government make improved policies and innovative financial products tailored specifically to the needs of the livestock sector to enhance its growth and productivity.
Intraocular pressure changes in different degrees of myopia
(U. P., 2020) Megwas, A. U.; Onuoha, S. U.; Ugwoke, G. I.; Okorie, M. E.; Ibe, C. N.; Azuamah, Y. C.; Daniel-Nwosu, E. I.; Nwawume, I. C.; Umunnakwe, L. O; Ogbonna, U. C.
Myopia is a refractive condition of the eye in which the images of distant objects are focused in front of the retina when accommodation is relaxed. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the pressure within the eyeball. This study was carried out to investigate the intraocular pressure changes in the different degrees of myopia. The study was a clinical study carried out at the Department of Optometry Teaching Clinic, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria. Clinical tests performed on the subjects include case history, visual acuity, external eye examination, ophthalmoscopy, static retinoscopy and subjective refraction. The subjects with myopia were grouped into three according to the degree of myopia. Their intraocular pressure was measured using the indentation tonometry. A total of 50 subjects were used for this study. Twenty-five (50.00%) of the subjects had low myopia; 21 (42.00%) had medium myopia and 4 (8.00%) had high myopia. Results showed that for subjects with low myopia, those with IOP of 10 - 15 were 10 (20.00%); 16 -20, 13 (26.00%); 21 – 25, 2 (4.00%); 26 – 30, 0 (0.00%). For subjects with medium myopia, those with IOP of 10 - 15 were 11 (22.00%); 16 -20, 10 (20.00%); none of the subjects had IOP above 20mmHg. For subjects with high myopia, none had IOP of 10 – 15 and above 20 mmHg; 4 (8.00%) had IOP between 16 and 20 mmHg. The mean IOP values were 17.13±3.97, 16.63±3.09 and 20.15±1.29 mmHg for low, medium and high myopes respectively. SPSS data analysis using the one-way ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the IOP values between the different degrees of myopia. Eye care practitioners were advised to closely monitor the IOP of their myopic patients.
Diabetes mellitus and some of its effect on the eyes among adults of rural communities at Ohafia LGA of Abia State Nigeria
(U. P., 2011) Azuamah, Y. C.; Amadi, A. N.; Amadi, C. O. A.
This study was carried out on adults at Ohafia Local Government of Abia State in Nigeria to determine the presence of ocular effects that resulted from diabetes mellitus. This study was a field based study in which subjects were made to assemble at a health center and the examinations and tests carried out. Out of the 213 subjects examined and tested, 48 of them (27 males and 21 females) were found to have a history of diabetes mellitus. The presence of ocular effects of diabetes on these subjects showed that 31.25% of the subjects (33.3% of the males and 28.6% of the females) had diabetic cataract. Diabetic retinopathy was found on 6.25% of the subjects (0% of the males and 14.3% of the females). Also 6.25% of the subjects showed diabetic macular edema, 0% were males and 14.3% were females. Diabetic papillopathy was found in 31.25% of the subjects out of which 22.2% were males and 42.8% were females. 37.5% of the diabetic subjects were found to have glaucoma, 22.2% of them were males and 57.1% of them were females. One or a combination of these ocular effects of diabetes was seen on some subjects. Data analysis with the SPSS statistics software using the T test showed that there was no significant difference between the male and female subjects to the ocular effects of diabetes mellitus.
Genetic and Tissue Engineering
(Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 2014) School of Health Technology, Department of Biomedical Technology.