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Recent Submissions
Effects of crop farmers / pastoralists conflicts on sustainable livelihood assets and strategies of displaced farmers in Imo State, Nigeria
(U. P., 2019) Ogueri, E. I.; Chikaire, J. U.; Ibe, M. N.; Ajaero, J. O.
One of the effects of crop farmers/pastoralists conflicts is displacement of the farming population the world over, Nigeria not exceptional. This work investigates the effects of conflicts on livelihood strategies and assets of displaced farmers in Imo state. A total of 300 crop farmers was selected randomly from the affected communities. Questionnaire complimented with oral discussion were used to elicit information from the respondents. Data collected were analyzed using percentage, mean and standard deviation presented in tables. Results showed that major livelihood strategies of the crop farmers were farming with 100 percent response, followed by wage labour (94.6%), sales of wild fruits (70%) and migration of work labour outside the community (73.3%). Conflicts affect livelihood strategies by restriction of movement which prevents farmers from moving and risks to personal safety (72.3%). Conflicts affect all the five livelihood assets beginning with the social assets by its disruption of community life (M=2.79), collapse of local authority (M=3.40), disruption of family goals/life (M=2.50) among others. On the human assets, conflicts leads to death of laborers /farmer workers (M=3.32), sexual harassment (M=2.56), separation of family members (M=2.45). The physical assets affected included disruption of health services and infrastructures, closure of schools, looting of possessions among others, while the financial and natural assets affected included destruction of crops and animals, market closure, destruction of water wells, contamination of water, and low abandoned and limited asset to farm.
Advanced Soil and Water Management
(Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 2017) School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Department of Soil Science and Technology.
Optimization of water injectivity and oil recovery through lateral radial drilling into the reservoir
(Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 2023-08) Onyejiaka, Uchenna Nonyerem
The efficiency of water injectivity into the reservoir is greatly reduced by poor reservoir permeability and near well bore damage. However, the aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of improving oil recovery during water flooding by using radial drilling technique which has the capacity of achieving longer perforation length than the conventional perforation operation. Perforation length up to 100 m (330ft) into the fresh formation beyond damaged zone can be obtained with radial technology. Eclipse simulator, version 100 was used to model the lateral radial drill and conventional perforation into there servoir. The key project indicators that were studied are injectivity index, displacement efficiency,recovery factor and water cut using different radial drill configurations. It was observed that water injectivity was improved with radial drill case with the increasing length and number of radials as compared to the conventional wellbore perforation case. There was aprogressive increase in recovery factor with increase in number radials irrespectiveoftheradial length. Also, the water cut from the producer well was increasing as the number and length of the radials were increasing. Therefore, radial drilling is seemingly apromising technology that can be used to improve water inj ectivity and hence maximize oil recovery in a water flooding scheme.
Study of the impact of acidulated rainwater on leaf tissues of tomato(Solanum lycopersicum Linn.) and pepper(Capsicum annum Linn.)
(Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 2024-08) Adamu, Santuraki Ibrahim
The acidulation of rainwater is connected intimately with industrial development. The leaves of Tomato and Pepper were examined for the impact of acidulated rainfall on their morphology, anatomy, and physiology. Rainwater samples collected from industrial and automobile traffic congested Cities of Lagos, Port Harcourt, Kano, and Gombe (control) were used in a screen-house experiment. The effect of atmospheric gases NO2, SO2, and CO2 was determined on morphology, anatomy of phylloplane, photosynthetic chlorophylls, and agro-morphology of the plants. Statistical package R version 4.2.1 was used to analyze data. Duncan’s multiple-range test was used to determine the significance of the mean difference. The findings showed that from April through July, the concentrations of atmospheric acid derivatives were significantly (p<0.05) decreased. Morphological changes such as physical damage to the leaf, formation of white Scars, and necrosis were observed. Anatomical changes such as alterations on the cuticle and collapsed epidermal cells and the formation of lobules of scarred tissue were observed. Plants heights were significantly reducedat(p<0.05) (FTomato=7.8894; FPepper=63.835), leaf area was also significantly decreased (FTomato=16.341; FPepper=60.965;p<0.05), stem girth were also significantly (p<0.05) reduced (FTomato=8.8174;FPepper=39.3), number of leaf (FTomato=22.482; FPepper=34.265), Relative growth rate (FTomato=38.522;FPepper=40.646) and chlorophyll content (FTomato=8.4128, 2.5368, 11.411; FPepper=4.6029, 7.8154, 36.746) were also significantly(p<0.05) decreased. The findings showed that both car emissions and heavy industrial activities contributed significantly to the acidity in rainwater. It also demonstrated that acidified rainwater significantly affects the morphology, anatomy, and physiology of plants studied. It is, therefore, important to plant acidophilic trees in the study areas to reduce the effect of acid rain on other vegetable crops.
Nuclear Techniques in Soil and Plant Research
(Federal University of Technology, Owerri, 2017) School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Department of Soil Science and Technology.