Evaluation of different solvent extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on some biochemical indices of diabetic albino rats
Date
2023-11
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Federal University of Technology, Owerri.
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate of different solvent extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on some biochemical lindices of diabetic albino rats. Five different solvents (having different polarity) were used for the extraction purpose. These solvents include Toluene, Benzene, Methanol , Ethanol and Water. The aim of this study was to determine the antidiabetic effect of Vernonia amygdalina extracts on Adult Male albino rats. The result showed that Ethanol and Methanol extract gave 33.19% and 43.66% blood glucose reduction. Hence, it compared favorably with the standard drug Metformin. Diabetic rats showed a gradually steady increase in body weight within the study period with the exception of the diabetic control and Benzene extract treated group. The diabetic control group showed increase in body weight which reduced at the end of the study period. However, group treated with Benzene extract showed a drastic decrease in body weight after 3 days of treatment. Thereafter, the body weights was gradually being restored but were not normalized. The serum enzyme activity of ALT, AST, ALP in the groups receiving Ethanol, Methanol, Toluene and Benzene extract were significantly reduced when compared to diabetic control group. However, administration of the different solvent extracts of V. amygdalina did not result in a significant(p<0.05) normalization of altered serum bilirubin concentration. The extracts of Ethanol, Toluene, Benzene and Aqueous also produced varying degree of lipid profile reduction. The Methanol extract; Aqueous and Methanol extracts; Methanol, Toluene and Benzene; Methanol and Toluene; Ethanol, Methanol and Aqueous extracts caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction of total cholesterol concentration, Triacyglycerol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL cholesterol concentration as well as LDL/HDL ratio and cadio-vascular risk ratio respectively. The extracts normalized the concentrations of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol as well as SOD and GPx activity but offered a significant protection against Glutathione depletion when compared to diabetic control group. The Ethanol and Methanol extracts offered significant reduction in MDA concentration in both liver homogenate and serum when compared to the group treated with the standard drug. Histopathological examination results show mild inflammation and degeneration of the liver and kidney of rats induced with diabetes using120mg/Kg body weight of alloxan which was reversed by V. amygdalina leaf extracts of Methanol and Ethanol. These results therefore, indicated that V. amygdalina leaf extracts used in this study has varying hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective and endogenous antioxidant property with methanol showing a stronger protective effect against diabetes induced liver and kidney damage in rats compared to the other solvent extracts.
Description
The master's thesis contains figures
Keywords
Anti-diabetic effect, Vernonia amygdalina, lipid profile, antioxidants, oxidative stress, Department of Biochemistry, liver function test
Citation
Alozie, E. U. (2023). Evaluation of different solvent extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on some biochemical indices of diabetic albino rats (Unpublished Masters Thesis). Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria