School of Electrical Systems Engineering Technology

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https://repository.futo.edu.ng/handle/20.500.14562/1241

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Browsing School of Electrical Systems Engineering Technology by Subject "Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 10
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    A comprehensive review on the feasibility and challenges of millimeter wave in emerging 5G mobile communication
    (U.P, 2019) Agubor,Cosmas Kemdirim; Akwukwuegbu, Isdore; Olubiwe, Mathew; Nosiri, Chikezie Onyebuchi; Ehinomen, Atimati; Olukunle, Akande Akinyinka; Okozi, Samuel Okechukwu; Ezema, Longinus; Okeke, Benjamin Chukwujekwu
    This article presents a comprehensive review on the feasibility and challenges of millimeter wave in emerging fifth generation (5G) mobile communication. 5G, a multigigabit wireless network is the next generation wireless communication network. The mmWave cellular system which operates in the 30-300 GHz band has been proposed for use as the propagation channel. Its large bandwidth potential makes it a candidate for the next-generation wireless communication system which is believed to support data rates of multiple Gb/s. High frequency bands such as mmWave have channel impairments. These impairments are challenges that are necessary to be properly understood. Employing mmWave as a propagation channel requires dealing with these challenges which this paper is aimed at reviewing. One aim of the work is to discuss these challenges in a more elaborate manner using simple mathematical equations and graphics to ensure clarity. To achieve this, current related works were studied. Challenges and solutions are identified and discussed. Suggested research directions for future work are also presented. One is developing suitable electronic such as fast analog-to-digital (ADC) and digital-to-analog (DAC) systems necessary for the transmitter/receiver (TX/RX) system.
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    A study of the propagation characteristics of a 13 element yagi-uda antenna
    (International Association of Scientific Innovation and Research, 2017) Onwumere, Christogonus; Agubor, Cosmas Kemdirim
    This paper reports the propagation characteristics of a 13- element 640MHz Yagi antenna.The Yagi-Uda antenna is a highly directional antenna and in the transmit mode propagates electromagnetic energy in the direction running from the dipole or driven element toward the director and is sensitive to incoming electromagnetic energy in the receive direction. In this study, NBS 688 technical notes and antenna design curves were used and the resulting antenna estimate was modeled. The simulation and optimization was carried out using 4NEC2 antenna design software. Verification of the optimal design was achieved using EZNEC v.6.0 antenna modeler. The simulation result showed Antenna characteristics such as input impedance, radiated power, efficiency and far-field radiation pattern.
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    An embedded voice activated automobile speed limiter: A design approach for cars
    (U. P., 2017-04) Nosiri, Onyebuchi Chikezie; Agbaka, Gloria Ezinne; Agubor, Cosmos Nkemdirim; Akande, Akinyinka Olukunle
    The paper presents an improved design feature for conventional automobile speed limiters installed on cars used in Nigerian. The feature introduces an embedded voice activated prompt command system. The system was primarily designed to alert the Driver through a voice activated command when the speed of the car accelerates from 80km/hr to 95km/hr at an interval of 5km/hr. This became necessary to avoid abrupt jerking of the car at the maximum speed limit of 100km/hr and also functions as informative to the driver when attempts are made on unsafe movements such as inadequate/wrong calculated overtaking. Components such as resistors, diodes, transistors and relays were implemented in the design. Arduino UNO was used as the main controller of the system. Softwares such as Multisim and Proteus 8.5 professional were incorporated in the design with the use of C programming language for codes development. Algorithm was developed to enhance adequate system control. The simulated system demonstrated satisfactory performance based on the design specifications
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    An evaluation of hand trajectory gesture controlled vehicular robot
    (Nigeria Consltants' Network (CN), 2021) Atimati, E. E.; Ezema, Longinus. S.; Okafor, K. C.; Achumba, I. E.; Ifediora, E. C.; Agubor, C. K.
    Vehicular robotics (VRs) is an emerging field in Mechatronics application that offers numerous benefits to assisted living systems, exploits in unsafe terrains, agricultural harvesting, and manufacturing automation, among others. The absence of gesture angular displacement to speed relationship remains unresolved in literature. Existing systems controlled by hand gesture uses Radio Frequency (RF) module as a medium of wireless communication. In this paper, a reengineered VR controlled by five palm gestures is implemented and evaluated. An accelerometer-powered transmitter circuitry for the palm glove is realized while integrating Bluetooth spectrum at the VR receiver for wireless signalling. C+ constructs are introduced for end-to-end control between the transmitter and receiver. Performance assessment carried out on actual speed, response time and a blind spot in both autonomous and semi autonomous modes provided satisfactory insights. It is observed that in semi-autonomous mode (gesture mode), under tilting palm angle ranged 0-40 degrees, a minimum speed of 0.55m/s was observed. A medium speed of 0.63m/s and a maximum speed of 0.91m/s are obtained at 40 to 60 degrees and 70 to 90 degrees respectively. Furthermore, the autonomous mode offered a speed of 0.97m/s.
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    Development of a new diversity scheme in 5G network at 28 GHz millimter-wave frequency for digital mobile system
    (Modern Education and Computer Science, 2021-02-08) Akande, Akinyinka Olukunle; Agubor, Cosmas Kemisdrin; Akinde, Olusola Kunle; Ezema, Longinus Sunday; Okozi, Samuel Okechukwu
    This paper presents an improved hybrid Equal Gain Combiner-Maximal Ratio Combiner (EGC-MRC) diversity scheme in 5G millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency. The term 5G mm-wave refers to the radio frequency spectrum between 24 𝐺𝐻𝑧 and 100 𝐺𝐻𝑧. The signal interference is a challenging task in 5G mm-wave frequency, and radio network suffer from co-channel and adjacent channel interference. 5G network deployment depends on large number of antennas, which resulted in signal interference. The conventional receiver’s diversity techniques have high hardware complexity and are characterized by low performance. A new hybrid EGC-MRC diversity scheme was proposed as an improvement on the performance of existing MRC scheme. In achieving this, Probability Density Function (PDF) of the hybrid model was derived using the instantaneous Signal-to- Noise Ratio (SNR) obtained from the output of MRC and EGC diversity schemes. The performance of the developed model was evaluated using Outage Probability (𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡) and Processing time (𝑃𝑡) at different SNR with 𝐿 number of paths. Simulation of the MRC, EGC and hybrid EGC-MRC models were carried out using MATLAB 2018a and the results compared. The output results showed that hybrid EGC-MRC performed better than EGC and MRC by having a lower 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 and 𝑃𝑡 . This new model has the potential to mitigate network interference, multipath propagation, and hardware complexity in 5G mm-wave frequency. Therefore, the developed model can be deployed by network operators to solve signal interference in 5G network
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    Efficient sideband noise cancellation for co-located networks using ANCT
    (Science Publishing Group, 2015) Nosiri, Onyebuchi Chikezie; Ezeh, Gloria Nwabugo; Agubor, Cosmos Kemdirim; Nkwachukwu, Chukwuchekwa
    An efficient noise cancellation technique for a co-located network was realized using Adaptive Noise Cancellation Technique (ANCT). The technique was developed as improved feature to the classical application of passive filters. The paper focused on achieving a theoretical perfect cancellation considering three essential parameters: the amplitude, phase and delay characteristics of the signal and noise at both the primary path and the reference path of the co-located system. An experimental test-bed of the ANC Architecture was developed using Matlab-Simulink block design which demonstrated the error signals before and after cancellation.
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    Optimal design and fabrication of a wideband antenna for terrestrial DTV reception
    (U. P., 2016-10) Agubor, C. K.; Onwumere, C.
    Optimal design and fabrication of a wideband antenna for terrestrial digital TV (DTV) reception is presented in this paper. Reception of poor digital TV (DTV) signal using Yagi antennas supplied by cable providers in some suburban and rural areas in Nigeria has been a major concern to subscribers. This problem could be solved by the use of high gain antennas such as the one presented in this paper. In developing this antenna, NBS 688 technical notes and antenna design curves were applied and the resulting antenna estimate was modeled, simulated and optimized with 4NEC2 antenna design software. Optimal design verification was achieved using EZNEC v.6.0 antenna modeler. On testing after fabrication, received signal strength was 60dB compared to 45dB obtained with the service provider’s conventional Yagi antenna in position. A better picture clarity was observed owing to the15dB increase in signal level.
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    Performance comparison of the designed microcontroller heartbeat monitor and clinical stethoscope medical insturments based on statistical approach
    (IAEME, 2021) Akwukwaegbu, Isdore Onyema; Ezugwu, Ernest Ozoemela; Agubor, Cosmas Nkemmdirim; Opara, Raymond Okechukwu; Olubiwe, Mattew; Obichere, Jude-Kennedy Chibuzo
    Heart related diseases are becoming more rampant, which if not properly checked and controlled, will continue to contribute a greater percentage of death rates among the younger generations. Controlling this deadly disease will be initiated by monitoring individual heartbeat rate regularly by a new low cost invented microcontroller based heartbeat medical measuring and monitoring instrument developed using electronic engineering techniques. The developed device uses electric microphone to detect the heartbeat and convert it to alternating current (ac) signal in millivolts, which is later amplified by a non inverting amplifier. A Schmitt trigger (555 timer) coverts the amplified ac signal into a square wave (one pulse is represented by one square). These square waves are used to count the number of squares for 60 seconds and display the result on the liquid crystal display (LCD) screen. The developed device is packaged in a plastic casing with adequate spacing provided to accommodate all components. The mean and standard deviation measured heart beat results obtained using the developed device and conventional clinical stethoscope range from 70.63 to 82.37 beat per minute(bpm) and 69.65 to 81.63 beat per minute(bpm) respectively. The result obtained using the developed device when compared to those obtained from the manual test involving counting of heartbeat fall satisfactorily within the acceptable range of 60 to 120 beat per minute(bpm). This developed device is useful for families, hospitals, clinics, community medical centres and for other medical purposes.
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    Performance improvement of a direction finding system antenna using method of moment (MOM)
    (U. P., 2020-01-15) Anaebo, Ogonna F.; Ezeh, Gloria N.; Nosiri, Onyebuchi C.; Agubor, Cosmas K.
    This paper focuses on the Performance Improvement of a Direction Finding System Antenna Using Method of Moment (MoM) Approach. The work is developed to provide an approximate current distribution for a direction finding system antenna by employing the use of Method of Moment on an array of Yagi-uda antenna. The parameters of the experimental antenna are derived and analyzed via Magnetic Vector Potential (MVP) operator. The accurate current flowing through the radiating elements of the direction finding system is analyzed using combination of Method of Moment technique and Magnetic Vector Potential (MVP) operator. This helps to avoid the detection of false alarms and inability of the system to detect remote targets. A typical direction finding system Yagi antenna is designed and operated at a frequency range of 0.6- 0.8 GHz. The antenna has a single reflector, an active (driven) element and three (3) parasitic directors. The antenna parameters are simulated using MatLab R2010a software tool. The average pointing vector of the designed Yagi antenna was obtained as 3.73watt per square metre, and Radiation Intensity value of about 9.400 coulomb per kilogram. The simulation results indicate an appreciable increase in directivity of 9.03dBi, an enhanced directive gain compared to that of the equivalent dipole antenna of 1.76dBi, signifying 7.27dBi enhancement.
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    Techniques in performance improvment of mobile wireless communication systems-A review
    (Progressive Academic Publishing, UK, 2015) Agubor, C. K.; Nosiri, O. C.; Ononiwu, G. C.; Atimati, E. E.; Onyishi, D. U.
    Mobile wireless communication providers are expected by their numerous subscribers to provide network that can allow higher data rates, and good voice quality. However, this may be restricted due to some technical problems such as limited availability of radio frequency spectrum, bandwidth, channel capacity, geographical areas and transmission problems caused by various factors like fading and multipath distortion. All these lead to overall system performance degradation. This has led to various studies on how improvement on the performance of wireless communication can be realized using different techniques. This paper is a review of some scholarly works on this subject. To achieve this some recent scholarly articles were accessed online and their findings were highlighted. It was observed that all the articles reviewed had results drawn only from theoretical analysis. Based on this, one of the recommendations is that theoretical analysis should be supported with data obtained from carrying out RF measurements in the field where possible