Browsing by Author "Alisa, Christopher"

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    Chemical and medicinal properties of xylopia aethiopica harvested from the South Eastern Nigeria
    (U. P., 2022-01-30) Iwu, Irenus Chinonye; Ukaoma, Adanna A.; Alisa, Christopher; Ali, Bilah; Obiagwu, Ifeoma; Onu, Lynda Uchenna; Anozie, Remigius Chukwudi
    The characterization of chemical and medicinal properties of the leaf of Xylopia aethiopica was carried out with the aid of Shimazu Japan Gas Chromatography 5890-11 and GC-MS QP 2010 Plus Shimazu Japan. The chromatogram revealed 34 peaks which yielded 34 compounds with their molecular weights, structures and formulars elucidated. Initial phytochemical examination revealed the presence of alkaloid 4.3%, flavonoids 5.1%, properties. saponins 4.89%, tannin 2.2%s, cardiac glycosides and steriods. Antimicrobial determination revealed activity against selected human pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 10mm, Staphylococcus aureus 20mm, Streptococcus specie 22mm ,Aspergillus niger 16mm, Mucor specie 18mm and but was resistant to Klebsiella pneumonia. Most of the compounds identified in the leaf extract such as phytol.Vitamin E, Squalene, Caryophyllene oxide ans Isoaromadendrene epoxide has proven anti-cancer, anti-tumors, anti-inflammatory antioxidant and anti-arthritic properties
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    Emissions of gasoline combustion by products in automotive exhausts
    (U. P., 2016-04) Nkwoada, Amarachi; Oguzie, Emeka; Alisa, Christopher; Agwaramgbo, Lovell; Enenebeaku, Conrad
    Increased gasoline consumption in automotive engines have triggered the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) especially carbon dioxide (CO2) from automotive exhausts. These exhaust emissions depend on factors like the engine combustion design and operating conditions, fuel grade and lubricant, the state of maintenance and local road conditions and continue to affect the concentration of pollutants emitted by automotives like CO2 and unburnt hydrocarbons which are very toxic to humans, leading to environmental pollution. In pursuant of improved efficient engine and less toxic emissions, the use of gasoline blends and biofuels are not the panacea since the exhaust-gas concentration and its constituent are not indicative of the contribution of the constituent to the overall emission due to variations in exhaust-gas flow rate with different engine types and automotive sources. Moreover real-time monitoring, turbocharging technologies, fuel injection strategies and catalytic exhaust aftertreatment may reduce emissions if compared to base engines but significant risk of CO2 induced climate change continue to persist, while CO2 capture technologies such as adsorption and absorption are limited in contrast to new developments in engine and exhaust technologies that are cheaper and locally sourced and could become the next trajectory.
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    Public participation in solid waste management practices within Owerri Urban of Imo State, Nigeria
    (U. P., 2016) Nkwoada, Amarachi; Alisa, Christopher; Duru, Ijeoma
    Municipal waste disposal have reached a crucial point in major urban areas in Nigeria especially Owerri urban and householder’s readiness to participate in waste management are still declining moreover the problems of indiscriminate dumping of refuse at central places and open dumping and burning at private residents continue to persist. A structured questionnaire was provided to residents of Owerri urban areas addressing lack of knowledge and attitude as a factor in waste recycling, methods of waste disposal, participation and practice using SCHOM analysis that identified 24 active waste dump/disposal sites. ANOVA at 0.95% value of F calculated was 0.25 and less than the value of F critical at value of 4.25 which shows that the burning and burying of waste was unaffected by usage of bins within any location but rather a habit acquired over the years. Also F calculated in column of ANOVA was less than F critical and showed that different zones exhibit different disposal habits and their levels of participation are affected by levels of quality of surrounding environment, popular trend, sex, age and income. SCHOM participants revealed a trend in volume of waste generated among householders to be Metals
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    Public participation in solid waste management practices within Owerri urban of Imo State, Nigeria
    (U. P., 2016-03) Nkwoada, Amarachi; Alisa, Christopher; Duru, Ijeoma
    Municipal waste disposal have reached a crucial point in major urban areas in Nigeria especially Owerri urban and householder’s readiness to participate in waste management are still declining moreover the problems of indiscriminate dumping of refuse at central places and open dumping and burning at private residents continue to persist. A structured questionnaire was provided to residents of Owerri urban areas addressing lack of knowledge and attitude as a factor in waste recycling, methods of waste disposal, participation and practice using SCHOM analysis that identified 24 active waste dump/disposal sites. ANOVA at 0.95% value of F calculated was 0.25 and less than the value of F critical at value of 4.25 which shows that the burning and burying of waste was unaffected by usage of bins within any location but rather a habit acquired over the years. Also F calculated in column of ANOVA was less than F critical and showed that different zones exhibit different disposal habits and their levels of participation are affected by levels of quality of surrounding environment, popular trend, sex, age and income. SCHOM participants revealed a trend in volume of waste generated among householders to be Metals
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    Seasonal water quality study of nche stream: A water body in Imo State, Nigeria
    (Enviro Research Publishers, 2019) Duru, Majesty; Alisa, Christopher; Ike, Christian; Akubugwo, Emmanuel; Godwin, Chinyere; Onyeabo, Chimaraoke; Odika, Prince; Adindu, Eze; Edeh, Paul
    Seasonal variations in water quality of Nche stream was carried out using standard methods. The study lasted between April, 2014-March, 2015. Results obtained revealed that pH of the Nche stream varied from 6.41-6.87 in rainy season to 5.50-6.10 in dry season. Mean values for total solid, total dissolved solid, and total suspended solid for rainy season were 208.32 mg/l, 91.81 mg/l, and 116.50 mg/l respectively, while 139.88 mg/l, 72.47 mg/l, and 67.40 mg/l were the respective mean values for total solid, total dissolved solid and total suspended solid in dry season. Bacterial isolates from the stream include Actinomyces sp., Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp, Streptococcus sp., Achromobacter sp., Klebsilla sp., Salmonella sp., Escherichia sp., Acinetobactor sp., Serratia sp., Proteus sp., Enterobacter sp., Vibrio sp., Shigellasp, Flavobacterium sp., Citrobacter sp., Micrococcus sp., and Pseudomonas sp., while saprophytic mould isolates were Penicilum sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Cladosporium sp., Rhizopus sp., and Geotricum sp. Levels of cadmium for Nche stream from August to the rest of dry season as observed did not fall within WHO limit. Mean values of THBC, THUB, TCC, SCC, TVB, and TFC observed in the studied stream water were higher in rainy seasons than dry season and higher than their respective WHO limits. The ability of cadmium heavy metal to accumulate in the body and the infective nature of the isolated organisms could pose a problem to the locals who consume water from this stream without further purification. There is need to inform the local population on the seasonal pollution status of Nche stream since they heavily depend on this stream as a source of domestic water. This study has evaluated the seasonal water quality of Nche stream, a water body in Imo State, Nigeria.
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    Survey of waste disposal methods in Awka metropolis
    (U. P., 2015) Ulaeto, Sarah Bill; Nnorom, Innocent Chidi; Alisa, Christopher
    Waste disposal methods commonly practiced in Awka metropolis, Anambra state were investigated from August to October, 2013. Data was analyzed with both descriptive statistics of frequency and percentages, and alternate hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of 0.05. Respondents in support of open burning were 61.2 %, while 2.9 % took to burying waste as their preferred waste management option. Only about 34.0 % of the waste generated was collected at the dumpsites within the metropolis by the waste management agency, as the participants rely on their preferred waste management options without any consideration to the associated health and environmental consequences. Statistical analysis revealed that residents of Awka believed that their waste disposal methods were safe and waste collection points were enough. The residents do not shy away from participating in disposal of waste. Majority of the respondents were of the secondary school category that engages in domestic chores. © JASEM