Osuji, Christopher Uche2026-03-232026-03-232025-10Osuji, C. U. (2025). Optimization and control of solar-powered telecommunication network based stations in Nigeria using standalone bifacial photovoltaic system [Unpublished Master's Thesis]. Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeriahttps://repository.futo.edu.ng/handle/20.500.14562/2455This thesis was submitted for the award of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.) in Electrical Engineering, Power System OptionThis thesis compared the potentials of using two different configurations of photovoltaic systems; Monofacial Photovoltaic (MFPV) Panel, and Standalone Bifacial Photovoltaic (BFPV) panel to generate electricity that will meets energy requirement of a mobile telecommunication base based on theoretical mathematical modelling, simulation, and optimization using PVsyst version 7.4.8 and Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. In achieving this, six off-grid telecommunication base station sites at different geographical site were selected which include; Imo (Umuagwo, 4.33 kWh/m2 /day), Kwara (Oje, 5.97 kWh/m2 /day), Sokoto (Kiso, 5.81 kWh/m2 /day), Rivers (Chokocho, 4.76 kWh/m2 /day), Lagos (Kwame, 4.50 kWh/m2 /day), and Borno (Baje, 5.51kWh/m2 /day). Research gaps covered are: space constrains, poor power output, and CO2 emission etc. associated with MFPV, generator, and battery system. Therefore, different configurations of standalone systems of MFPV panel with generator and battery backup and the proposed BFPV module with battery backup were studied and compared for energy optimization to determine the most economically feasible system that conforms to less Carbon IV Oxide (CO2) emission and cost minimisation. The Net Present Cost (NPC) and total CO2 generated were used as indices for measuring the optimization level of each energy configuration, and the option with the highest optimal value was considered to be the best energy solution for telecom base station. Results obtained shows that the installation cost of the MFPV panel, Battery, and the generator is N1, 288,000.00/Wp and the total yearly cost is N483, 200.00/Wp/Yr. The used energy cost is N4, 597,964,800.00/kWh which is the Levelized cost of energy (LCOE). The net present value of the project is –N7, 731,200.00 and the return on investment is -750.3%. On the other hand, the LCOE for installing BFPV panel system is N95,184.64.00/kWh. The net present value of the project is N266, 895,136 and the return on investment is 55191.3%. This shows that the adoption of BFPV panel installation at TBs is profitable. This result is a validation of the objective of this research. Environmentally, CO2 emission in using BFPV system is 0.25tons/W while that of installing MFPV system is 102tons/W. Consequently, there is a reduction of CO2 emission (101. 75) by adopting the BFPV system.enAttribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 InternationalBifacial moduleCO2 emissionmonofacial modulenet present costDepartment of Electrical EngineeringoptimizationDoctoral Thesis